SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is the standard language that your Monro Cloud Proxy uses to "talk" to your hardware to check its health and performance. It allows the proxy to automatically collect data, like how much traffic is on a port or how hot a CPU is, without you having to log into every individual device manually.
For Monro Cloud, it is mostly used when you cannot install the agent (the one your got in your first email). Examples are switches, routers, virtual appliances etc.